Droplets, aerosols and AGPs

• Droplets are relatively large (5-10 microns) and don’t remain airborne for long (6 feet/2m rule)
  
• Sneezing and coughing can propel droplets much further. Use of tissues, masks or clothing prevents this
• Aerosols are smaller and lighter than droplets (<5 microns) and can remain suspended in the air for longer periods of time. If there is little air disturbance, aerosols containing virus can be present in a room after 3 hours. If there is air circulation, the concentration of aerosolised particles fall as they stick to surfaces
  
• Fluid resistant surgical masks (FRSMs) offer protection against droplets. WHO guidance states that FFP3 masks do NOT offer enhanced protection against droplet spread
• FFP3 masks are needed when a risk of aerosol spread is possible, by aerosol generating procedures (AGPs)
• AGPs include: open suctioning of oropharynx and trachea, intubation, extubation, NIV, HFNO, bag/mask ventilation
• CPR: current national guidance allows chest compressions wearing non-FFP3 protection. No bag/mask ventilation, unless wearing FFP3 PPE.
• However, our current critical care protocol is NOT to become involved in any form of CPR unless you have donned full FFP3 protection